can you SSH and ping the inside ASA port? It looks like the ACL at the top only permits SNMP, I'm sure there are other ACLs but I would verify that. I think your SNMPv3 config is good otherwise. Also for troubleshooting SNMP I use the SNMPWalk.exe file on the Orion server. Sometimes the Node Details page hangs for a second when changing the SNMP settings and this causes a character to be lost in the password. So I ensure the configuration is good with SNMPWalk.exe and then copy it to NPM. Just realize the Walk tool doesn't support AES 256, so you will have to bump the encryption down to AES128 while you test.
Also I would check your syslog configuration, I think you need a "logging host inside <<IP Address>>"